I am working on this davinci-based ARMv5 board. This board runs Fedora 15 armv5tel with a kernel package I compiled myself for the board. The boot SD contains a FAT partition with the uImage kernel, and a ext4 filesystem that contains the root filesystem. Up to now, I can run the kernel and boot the system without an initramfs by adding "root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait" to the kernel command line. So far, it works fine.
[root@elx ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo Processor : ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l) BogoMIPS : 227.32 Features : swp half thumb fastmult edsp java CPU implementer : 0x41 CPU architecture: 5TEJ CPU variant : 0x0 CPU part : 0x926 CPU revision : 5
Hardware : DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM Revision : 0000 Serial : 0000000000000000
Now, I want to change the filesystem layout. I want to put all of /usr in a separate partition, and mount this read-only. For this, I want to boot the board using an initramfs. So, I ran the following command with the FAT partition mounted on /uboot:
[root@avillacis arm]# mkimage -A arm -T ramdisk -C none -a 0xc2000000 -n "mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17" -d /run/media/alex/rootfs/boot/initramfs-3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone.img /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Created: Tue Oct 22 14:23:48 2013 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7677.47 kB = 7.50 MB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000
BTW, the kernel uImage is set to load at 0xc0008000. The board has system RAM from 0xc0000000 to 0xd0000000.
In the bootloader, after a few experiments, I found out that, while it will load the initramfs uImage, the bootlader will not add an ATAG describing the initramfs in any way. I checked:
[root@elx ~]# hexdump -C /proc/atags 00000000 05 00 00 00 01 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |......AT........| 00000010 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 07 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 |..........AT....| 00000020 04 00 00 00 02 00 41 54 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 c0 |......AT........| 00000030 13 00 00 00 09 00 41 54 72 6f 6f 74 3d 2f 64 65 |......ATroot=/de| 00000040 76 2f 6d 6d 63 62 6c 6b 30 70 32 20 72 77 20 72 |v/mmcblk0p2 rw r| 00000050 6f 6f 74 77 61 69 74 20 69 70 3d 6f 66 66 20 69 |ootwait ip=off i| 00000060 6e 69 74 72 64 3d 30 78 63 30 38 30 30 30 30 30 |nitrd=0xc0800000| 00000070 2c 37 38 36 31 37 32 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |,7861729........| 00000080 00 00 00 00 |....| 00000084
Therefore, I am forced to specify the initramfs location via a initrd= kernel parameter. However, I am getting this "junk in compressed archive" and the initramfs gets ignored. I am not sure why the initramfs becomes invalid. The bootloader loads the uImage at 0xc1000000 and extracts the contents at 0xc2000000, 16 MiB higher, and way past the places where the kernel is extracted. Specifying the exact byte size instead of 8M makes no difference. I tried to use the keepinitrd boot parameter, but once I get to a prompt, I do not find a place where I can inspect the initramfs as seen by the kernel. I ran "gzip -t" on the original initramfs, and it checks out fine. Could you give me suggestions on how to debug this?
U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M; mmc rescan 0; fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage; fatload mmc 0 0xc1000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img; bootm c0700000 c1000000; reading uImage
3448120 bytes read reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861793 bytes read ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c1000000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone (palosanto@rpmbuild-arm.elastix.palosanto.com) (gcc version 4.7.2 20120921 (Red Hat 4.7.2-2) (GCC) ) #1 Fri Mar 29 07:20:14 ECT 2013 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177 [ 0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM [ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] BUG: mapping for 0xffff0000 at 0xfffe0000 out of vmalloc space [ 0.000000] DaVinci da850/omap-l138/am18x variant 0x1 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup [ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups [ 0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total [ 0.000000] Memory: 243340k/243340k available, 18804k reserved, 0K highmem [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 744 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000 ( 256 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0622f68 (6252 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0623000 - 0xc066adbc ( 288 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc066c000 - 0xc06c6a90 ( 363 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06c6ab4 - 0xc079e6bc ( 864 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:245 [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000320] Calibrating delay loop... 227.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=1136640) [ 0.080067] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.080536] Security Framework initialized [ 0.080666] SELinux: Initializing. [ 0.081482] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 [ 0.083324] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.083374] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.083479] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.083511] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.083534] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls [ 0.083553] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio [ 0.083569] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.083937] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.084169] ftrace: allocating 18656 entries in 37 pages [ 0.156178] Setting up static identity map for 0xc0469cc0 - 0xc0469d18 [ 0.164684] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.168005] DaVinci: 144 gpio irqs [ 0.169473] atomic64 test passed [ 0.170251] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.206674] da850_evm_usb_init: before cfgchip2=0x0001ef00 [ 0.206709] da850_evm_usb_init: after cfgchip2=0x0001af02 [ 0.223659] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.226056] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.227728] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.227984] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.228572] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.233488] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.233532] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.233550] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.233703] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.234102] Switching to clocksource timer0_1 [ 0.315460] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.316158] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.317484] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.317834] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.318060] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) [ 0.318080] TCP: reno registered [ 0.318117] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318168] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318977] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.319845] Unpacking initramfs... [ 0.319937] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive [ 0.354933] Freeing initrd memory: 8192K [ 0.356001] EMAC: RMII PHY configured, MII PHY will not be functional [ 0.358747] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled) [ 0.358942] type=2000 audit(0.330:1): initialized
Here is how I generate the ramdisk
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x00000000 -e 0x00000000 -n "ramdisk" -d /boot/initramfs-X.YY.Z-foo.fcNN.armv5.img /tmp/uImage
Note the address and entry point are zeros.
On your board's u-boot environment just run the 'bdi' command (board info) to findout the start addr and size. You can workout load addr's that make your boot happy.
I would advise loading the ramdisk first, in the begining space of the memory... then load the kernel. That way if there is any overlap it will be the ramdisk that is corrupted, not the kernel memory.
Regards, -Jon Disnard
On Tue, Oct 22, 2013 at 4:06 PM, Alex Villacís Lasso a_villacis@palosanto.com wrote:
I am working on this davinci-based ARMv5 board. This board runs Fedora 15 armv5tel with a kernel package I compiled myself for the board. The boot SD contains a FAT partition with the uImage kernel, and a ext4 filesystem that contains the root filesystem. Up to now, I can run the kernel and boot the system without an initramfs by adding "root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait" to the kernel command line. So far, it works fine.
[root@elx ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo Processor : ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l) BogoMIPS : 227.32 Features : swp half thumb fastmult edsp java CPU implementer : 0x41 CPU architecture: 5TEJ CPU variant : 0x0 CPU part : 0x926 CPU revision : 5
Hardware : DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM Revision : 0000 Serial : 0000000000000000
Now, I want to change the filesystem layout. I want to put all of /usr in a separate partition, and mount this read-only. For this, I want to boot the board using an initramfs. So, I ran the following command with the FAT partition mounted on /uboot:
[root@avillacis arm]# mkimage -A arm -T ramdisk -C none -a 0xc2000000 -n "mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17" -d /run/media/alex/rootfs/boot/initramfs-3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone.img /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Created: Tue Oct 22 14:23:48 2013 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7677.47 kB = 7.50 MB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000
BTW, the kernel uImage is set to load at 0xc0008000. The board has system RAM from 0xc0000000 to 0xd0000000.
In the bootloader, after a few experiments, I found out that, while it will load the initramfs uImage, the bootlader will not add an ATAG describing the initramfs in any way. I checked:
[root@elx ~]# hexdump -C /proc/atags 00000000 05 00 00 00 01 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |......AT........| 00000010 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 07 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 |..........AT....| 00000020 04 00 00 00 02 00 41 54 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 c0 |......AT........| 00000030 13 00 00 00 09 00 41 54 72 6f 6f 74 3d 2f 64 65 |......ATroot=/de| 00000040 76 2f 6d 6d 63 62 6c 6b 30 70 32 20 72 77 20 72 |v/mmcblk0p2 rw r| 00000050 6f 6f 74 77 61 69 74 20 69 70 3d 6f 66 66 20 69 |ootwait ip=off i| 00000060 6e 69 74 72 64 3d 30 78 63 30 38 30 30 30 30 30 |nitrd=0xc0800000| 00000070 2c 37 38 36 31 37 32 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |,7861729........| 00000080 00 00 00 00 |....| 00000084
Therefore, I am forced to specify the initramfs location via a initrd= kernel parameter. However, I am getting this "junk in compressed archive" and the initramfs gets ignored. I am not sure why the initramfs becomes invalid. The bootloader loads the uImage at 0xc1000000 and extracts the contents at 0xc2000000, 16 MiB higher, and way past the places where the kernel is extracted. Specifying the exact byte size instead of 8M makes no difference. I tried to use the keepinitrd boot parameter, but once I get to a prompt, I do not find a place where I can inspect the initramfs as seen by the kernel. I ran "gzip -t" on the original initramfs, and it checks out fine. Could you give me suggestions on how to debug this?
U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M; mmc rescan 0; fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage; fatload mmc 0 0xc1000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img; bootm c0700000 c1000000; reading uImage
3448120 bytes read reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861793 bytes read ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c1000000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone (palosanto@rpmbuild-arm.elastix.palosanto.com) (gcc version 4.7.2 20120921 (Red Hat 4.7.2-2) (GCC) ) #1 Fri Mar 29 07:20:14 ECT 2013 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177 [ 0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM [ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] BUG: mapping for 0xffff0000 at 0xfffe0000 out of vmalloc space [ 0.000000] DaVinci da850/omap-l138/am18x variant 0x1 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup [ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups [ 0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total [ 0.000000] Memory: 243340k/243340k available, 18804k reserved, 0K highmem [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 744 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000 ( 256 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0622f68 (6252 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0623000 - 0xc066adbc ( 288 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc066c000 - 0xc06c6a90 ( 363 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06c6ab4 - 0xc079e6bc ( 864 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:245 [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000320] Calibrating delay loop... 227.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=1136640) [ 0.080067] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.080536] Security Framework initialized [ 0.080666] SELinux: Initializing. [ 0.081482] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 [ 0.083324] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.083374] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.083479] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.083511] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.083534] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls [ 0.083553] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio [ 0.083569] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.083937] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.084169] ftrace: allocating 18656 entries in 37 pages [ 0.156178] Setting up static identity map for 0xc0469cc0 - 0xc0469d18 [ 0.164684] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.168005] DaVinci: 144 gpio irqs [ 0.169473] atomic64 test passed [ 0.170251] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.206674] da850_evm_usb_init: before cfgchip2=0x0001ef00 [ 0.206709] da850_evm_usb_init: after cfgchip2=0x0001af02 [ 0.223659] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.226056] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.227728] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.227984] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.228572] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.233488] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.233532] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.233550] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.233703] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.234102] Switching to clocksource timer0_1 [ 0.315460] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.316158] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.317484] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.317834] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.318060] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) [ 0.318080] TCP: reno registered [ 0.318117] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318168] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318977] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.319845] Unpacking initramfs... [ 0.319937] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive [ 0.354933] Freeing initrd memory: 8192K [ 0.356001] EMAC: RMII PHY configured, MII PHY will not be functional [ 0.358747] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled) [ 0.358942] type=2000 audit(0.330:1): initialized
arm mailing list arm@lists.fedoraproject.org https://admin.fedoraproject.org/mailman/listinfo/arm
El 22/10/13 18:41, Jon escribió:
Here is how I generate the ramdisk
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x00000000 -e 0x00000000 -n "ramdisk" -d /boot/initramfs-X.YY.Z-foo.fcNN.armv5.img /tmp/uImage
Note the address and entry point are zeros.
On your board's u-boot environment just run the 'bdi' command (board info) to findout the start addr and size. You can workout load addr's that make your boot happy.
I would advise loading the ramdisk first, in the begining space of the memory... then load the kernel. That way if there is any overlap it will be the ramdisk that is corrupted, not the kernel memory.
Regards, -Jon Disnard
On Tue, Oct 22, 2013 at 4:06 PM, Alex Villacís Lasso a_villacis@palosanto.com wrote:
I am working on this davinci-based ARMv5 board. This board runs Fedora 15 armv5tel with a kernel package I compiled myself for the board. The boot SD contains a FAT partition with the uImage kernel, and a ext4 filesystem that contains the root filesystem. Up to now, I can run the kernel and boot the system without an initramfs by adding "root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait" to the kernel command line. So far, it works fine.
[root@elx ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo Processor : ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l) BogoMIPS : 227.32 Features : swp half thumb fastmult edsp java CPU implementer : 0x41 CPU architecture: 5TEJ CPU variant : 0x0 CPU part : 0x926 CPU revision : 5
Hardware : DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM Revision : 0000 Serial : 0000000000000000
Now, I want to change the filesystem layout. I want to put all of /usr in a separate partition, and mount this read-only. For this, I want to boot the board using an initramfs. So, I ran the following command with the FAT partition mounted on /uboot:
[root@avillacis arm]# mkimage -A arm -T ramdisk -C none -a 0xc2000000 -n "mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17" -d /run/media/alex/rootfs/boot/initramfs-3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone.img /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Created: Tue Oct 22 14:23:48 2013 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7677.47 kB = 7.50 MB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000
BTW, the kernel uImage is set to load at 0xc0008000. The board has system RAM from 0xc0000000 to 0xd0000000.
In the bootloader, after a few experiments, I found out that, while it will load the initramfs uImage, the bootlader will not add an ATAG describing the initramfs in any way. I checked:
[root@elx ~]# hexdump -C /proc/atags 00000000 05 00 00 00 01 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |......AT........| 00000010 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 07 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 |..........AT....| 00000020 04 00 00 00 02 00 41 54 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 c0 |......AT........| 00000030 13 00 00 00 09 00 41 54 72 6f 6f 74 3d 2f 64 65 |......ATroot=/de| 00000040 76 2f 6d 6d 63 62 6c 6b 30 70 32 20 72 77 20 72 |v/mmcblk0p2 rw r| 00000050 6f 6f 74 77 61 69 74 20 69 70 3d 6f 66 66 20 69 |ootwait ip=off i| 00000060 6e 69 74 72 64 3d 30 78 63 30 38 30 30 30 30 30 |nitrd=0xc0800000| 00000070 2c 37 38 36 31 37 32 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |,7861729........| 00000080 00 00 00 00 |....| 00000084
Therefore, I am forced to specify the initramfs location via a initrd= kernel parameter. However, I am getting this "junk in compressed archive" and the initramfs gets ignored. I am not sure why the initramfs becomes invalid. The bootloader loads the uImage at 0xc1000000 and extracts the contents at 0xc2000000, 16 MiB higher, and way past the places where the kernel is extracted. Specifying the exact byte size instead of 8M makes no difference. I tried to use the keepinitrd boot parameter, but once I get to a prompt, I do not find a place where I can inspect the initramfs as seen by the kernel. I ran "gzip -t" on the original initramfs, and it checks out fine. Could you give me suggestions on how to debug this?
U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M; mmc rescan 0; fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage; fatload mmc 0 0xc1000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img; bootm c0700000 c1000000; reading uImage
3448120 bytes read reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861793 bytes read ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c1000000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone (palosanto@rpmbuild-arm.elastix.palosanto.com) (gcc version 4.7.2 20120921 (Red Hat 4.7.2-2) (GCC) ) #1 Fri Mar 29 07:20:14 ECT 2013 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177 [ 0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM [ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] BUG: mapping for 0xffff0000 at 0xfffe0000 out of vmalloc space [ 0.000000] DaVinci da850/omap-l138/am18x variant 0x1 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup [ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups [ 0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total [ 0.000000] Memory: 243340k/243340k available, 18804k reserved, 0K highmem [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 744 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000 ( 256 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0622f68 (6252 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0623000 - 0xc066adbc ( 288 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc066c000 - 0xc06c6a90 ( 363 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06c6ab4 - 0xc079e6bc ( 864 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:245 [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000320] Calibrating delay loop... 227.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=1136640) [ 0.080067] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.080536] Security Framework initialized [ 0.080666] SELinux: Initializing. [ 0.081482] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 [ 0.083324] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.083374] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.083479] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.083511] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.083534] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls [ 0.083553] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio [ 0.083569] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.083937] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.084169] ftrace: allocating 18656 entries in 37 pages [ 0.156178] Setting up static identity map for 0xc0469cc0 - 0xc0469d18 [ 0.164684] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.168005] DaVinci: 144 gpio irqs [ 0.169473] atomic64 test passed [ 0.170251] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.206674] da850_evm_usb_init: before cfgchip2=0x0001ef00 [ 0.206709] da850_evm_usb_init: after cfgchip2=0x0001af02 [ 0.223659] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.226056] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.227728] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.227984] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.228572] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.233488] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.233532] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.233550] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.233703] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.234102] Switching to clocksource timer0_1 [ 0.315460] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.316158] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.317484] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.317834] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.318060] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) [ 0.318080] TCP: reno registered [ 0.318117] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318168] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318977] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.319845] Unpacking initramfs... [ 0.319937] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive [ 0.354933] Freeing initrd memory: 8192K [ 0.356001] EMAC: RMII PHY configured, MII PHY will not be functional [ 0.358747] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled) [ 0.358942] type=2000 audit(0.330:1): initialized
arm mailing list arm@lists.fedoraproject.org https://admin.fedoraproject.org/mailman/listinfo/arm
U-Boot > bdinfo arch_number = 0x0000086D boot_params = 0xC0000100 DRAM bank = 0x00000000 -> start = 0xC0000000 -> size = 0x10000000 ethaddr = 08:00:3e:26:0a:13 ip_addr = 0.0.0.0 baudrate = 115200 bps TLB addr = 0xCFFF0000 relocaddr = 0xCFF63000 reloc off = 0x0EEE3000 irq_sp = 0xCFE32F70 sp start = 0xCFE32F68 FB base = 0x00000000 U-Boot >
So it seems that the board has no memory at 0x00000000, only at 0xc0000000 through 0xd00000000. I already noted this in the previous email. Lets try this anyway:
mkimage -A arm -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x00000000 -e 0x00000000 -n "mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17" -d /run/media/alex/rootfs/boot/initramfs-3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone.img /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img
The bootloader accepts the load of the initramfs uImage at 0xc1000000 through the fatload command, but on attempting to boot the kernel with "initrd=0x00000000,8M", it shows the message:
[ 0.000000] INITRD: 0x00000000+0x00800000 is not a memory region - disabling initrd
So the kernel will not accept specifying this as the initrd address.
If I specify the uImage load address instead, I get the "junk in compressed archive" message, as before:
AM1808 initialization passed! Booting TI User Boot Loader UBL Version: 1.65 UBL Flashtype: SPI Starting SPI Memory Copy... Valid magicnum, 0x55424CBB, found at offset 0x00010000. DONE Jumping to entry point at 0xC1080000. [xiameihua] 2012-12-31 PM 16:12 NAND: No NAND device found!!! 0 MiB MMC: davinci: 0 *** Warning - readenv() failed, using default environment
In: serial Out: serial Err: serial ARM Clock : 456000000 Hz DDR Clock : 150000000 Hz SF: Unsupported manufacturer ef Error - unable to probe SPI flash. [xiameihua] mac addr : 00 00 00 00 0c 00Net: phy_act_state = 1 Ethernet PHY: GENERIC(1cc816) @ 0x00 DaVinci-EMAC Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M U-Boot > mmc rescan 0 U-Boot > fatload mmc 0 0xc2000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861793 bytes read U-Boot > fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage reading uImage
3448120 bytes read U-Boot > bootm c0700000 c2000000 ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c2000000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: 00000000 Entry Point: 00000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone (palosanto@rpmbuild-arm.elastix.palosanto.com) (gcc version 4.7.2 20120921 (Red Hat 4.7.2-2) (GCC) ) #1 Fri Mar 29 07:20:14 ECT 2013 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177 [ 0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM [ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] BUG: mapping for 0xffff0000 at 0xfffe0000 out of vmalloc space [ 0.000000] DaVinci da850/omap-l138/am18x variant 0x1 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup [ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups [ 0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total [ 0.000000] Memory: 243340k/243340k available, 18804k reserved, 0K highmem [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 744 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000 ( 256 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0622f68 (6252 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0623000 - 0xc066adbc ( 288 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc066c000 - 0xc06c6a90 ( 363 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06c6ab4 - 0xc079e6bc ( 864 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:245 [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000321] Calibrating delay loop... 227.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=1136640) [ 0.080067] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.080536] Security Framework initialized [ 0.080665] SELinux: Initializing. [ 0.081482] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 [ 0.083324] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.083374] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.083479] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.083512] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.083535] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls [ 0.083553] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio [ 0.083570] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.083938] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.084170] ftrace: allocating 18656 entries in 37 pages [ 0.156155] Setting up static identity map for 0xc0469cc0 - 0xc0469d18 [ 0.164648] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.167942] DaVinci: 144 gpio irqs [ 0.169401] atomic64 test passed [ 0.170174] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.206625] da850_evm_usb_init: before cfgchip2=0x0001ef00 [ 0.206661] da850_evm_usb_init: after cfgchip2=0x0001af02 [ 0.223601] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.225974] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.227663] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.227927] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.228518] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.233448] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.233490] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.233507] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.233660] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.234065] Switching to clocksource timer0_1 [ 0.315302] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.315990] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.317319] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.317670] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.317897] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) [ 0.317917] TCP: reno registered [ 0.317953] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318005] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318815] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.319689] Unpacking initramfs... [ 0.319779] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive [ 0.354765] Freeing initrd memory: 8192K
Hello Alex Lasso,
Sorry about that. To be clear... the normal way to generate the uInitrd is to specify the address and entry point with all zero's. (as demonstrated in the example) However, when you go about actually loading the uInitrd... you do specify a valid load address, one sufficiently separate from the kernel load addr so the two memories do not overlap.
My best guess is your ramdisk is large, and being corrupted by it's memory address being going out of bounds, or overlapping with kernel. One of the most common challenges people seem to face.
Good luck. -Jon
On Wed, Oct 23, 2013 at 11:26 AM, Alex Villacís Lasso a_villacis@palosanto.com wrote:
El 22/10/13 18:41, Jon escribió:
Here is how I generate the ramdisk
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x00000000 -e 0x00000000 -n "ramdisk" -d /boot/initramfs-X.YY.Z-foo.fcNN.armv5.img /tmp/uImage
Note the address and entry point are zeros.
On your board's u-boot environment just run the 'bdi' command (board info) to findout the start addr and size. You can workout load addr's that make your boot happy.
I would advise loading the ramdisk first, in the begining space of the memory... then load the kernel. That way if there is any overlap it will be the ramdisk that is corrupted, not the kernel memory.
Regards, -Jon Disnard
On Tue, Oct 22, 2013 at 4:06 PM, Alex Villacís Lasso a_villacis@palosanto.com wrote:
I am working on this davinci-based ARMv5 board. This board runs Fedora 15 armv5tel with a kernel package I compiled myself for the board. The boot SD contains a FAT partition with the uImage kernel, and a ext4 filesystem that contains the root filesystem. Up to now, I can run the kernel and boot the system without an initramfs by adding "root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait" to the kernel command line. So far, it works fine.
[root@elx ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo Processor : ARM926EJ-S rev 5 (v5l) BogoMIPS : 227.32 Features : swp half thumb fastmult edsp java CPU implementer : 0x41 CPU architecture: 5TEJ CPU variant : 0x0 CPU part : 0x926 CPU revision : 5
Hardware : DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM Revision : 0000 Serial : 0000000000000000
Now, I want to change the filesystem layout. I want to put all of /usr in a separate partition, and mount this read-only. For this, I want to boot the board using an initramfs. So, I ran the following command with the FAT partition mounted on /uboot:
[root@avillacis arm]# mkimage -A arm -T ramdisk -C none -a 0xc2000000 -n "mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17" -d
/run/media/alex/rootfs/boot/initramfs-3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone.img /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Created: Tue Oct 22 14:23:48 2013 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7677.47 kB = 7.50 MB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000
BTW, the kernel uImage is set to load at 0xc0008000. The board has system RAM from 0xc0000000 to 0xd0000000.
In the bootloader, after a few experiments, I found out that, while it will load the initramfs uImage, the bootlader will not add an ATAG describing the initramfs in any way. I checked:
[root@elx ~]# hexdump -C /proc/atags 00000000 05 00 00 00 01 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |......AT........| 00000010 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 07 00 41 54 00 00 00 00 |..........AT....| 00000020 04 00 00 00 02 00 41 54 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 c0 |......AT........| 00000030 13 00 00 00 09 00 41 54 72 6f 6f 74 3d 2f 64 65 |......ATroot=/de| 00000040 76 2f 6d 6d 63 62 6c 6b 30 70 32 20 72 77 20 72 |v/mmcblk0p2 rw r| 00000050 6f 6f 74 77 61 69 74 20 69 70 3d 6f 66 66 20 69 |ootwait ip=off i| 00000060 6e 69 74 72 64 3d 30 78 63 30 38 30 30 30 30 30 |nitrd=0xc0800000| 00000070 2c 37 38 36 31 37 32 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |,7861729........| 00000080 00 00 00 00 |....| 00000084
Therefore, I am forced to specify the initramfs location via a initrd= kernel parameter. However, I am getting this "junk in compressed archive" and the initramfs gets ignored. I am not sure why the initramfs becomes invalid. The bootloader loads the uImage at 0xc1000000 and extracts the contents at 0xc2000000, 16 MiB higher, and way past the places where the kernel is extracted. Specifying the exact byte size instead of 8M makes no difference. I tried to use the keepinitrd boot parameter, but once I get to a prompt, I do not find a place where I can inspect the initramfs as seen by the kernel. I ran "gzip -t" on the original initramfs, and it checks out fine. Could you give me suggestions on how to debug this?
U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M; mmc rescan 0; fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage; fatload mmc 0 0xc1000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img; bootm c0700000 c1000000; reading uImage
3448120 bytes read reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861793 bytes read ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c1000000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: c2000000 Entry Point: c2000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone (palosanto@rpmbuild-arm.elastix.palosanto.com) (gcc version 4.7.2 20120921 (Red Hat 4.7.2-2) (GCC) ) #1 Fri Mar 29 07:20:14 ECT 2013 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177 [ 0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM [ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] BUG: mapping for 0xffff0000 at 0xfffe0000 out of vmalloc space [ 0.000000] DaVinci da850/omap-l138/am18x variant 0x1 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup [ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups [ 0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total [ 0.000000] Memory: 243340k/243340k available, 18804k reserved, 0K highmem [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 744 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000 ( 256 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0622f68 (6252 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0623000 - 0xc066adbc ( 288 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc066c000 - 0xc06c6a90 ( 363 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06c6ab4 - 0xc079e6bc ( 864 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:245 [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000320] Calibrating delay loop... 227.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=1136640) [ 0.080067] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.080536] Security Framework initialized [ 0.080666] SELinux: Initializing. [ 0.081482] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 [ 0.083324] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.083374] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.083479] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.083511] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.083534] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls [ 0.083553] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio [ 0.083569] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.083937] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.084169] ftrace: allocating 18656 entries in 37 pages [ 0.156178] Setting up static identity map for 0xc0469cc0 - 0xc0469d18 [ 0.164684] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.168005] DaVinci: 144 gpio irqs [ 0.169473] atomic64 test passed [ 0.170251] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.206674] da850_evm_usb_init: before cfgchip2=0x0001ef00 [ 0.206709] da850_evm_usb_init: after cfgchip2=0x0001af02 [ 0.223659] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.226056] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.227728] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.227984] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.228572] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.233488] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.233532] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.233550] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.233703] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.234102] Switching to clocksource timer0_1 [ 0.315460] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.316158] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.317484] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.317834] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.318060] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) [ 0.318080] TCP: reno registered [ 0.318117] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318168] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318977] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.319845] Unpacking initramfs... [ 0.319937] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive [ 0.354933] Freeing initrd memory: 8192K [ 0.356001] EMAC: RMII PHY configured, MII PHY will not be functional [ 0.358747] audit: initializing netlink socket (disabled) [ 0.358942] type=2000 audit(0.330:1): initialized
arm mailing list arm@lists.fedoraproject.org https://admin.fedoraproject.org/mailman/listinfo/arm
U-Boot > bdinfo arch_number = 0x0000086D boot_params = 0xC0000100 DRAM bank = 0x00000000 -> start = 0xC0000000 -> size = 0x10000000 ethaddr = 08:00:3e:26:0a:13 ip_addr = 0.0.0.0 baudrate = 115200 bps TLB addr = 0xCFFF0000 relocaddr = 0xCFF63000 reloc off = 0x0EEE3000 irq_sp = 0xCFE32F70 sp start = 0xCFE32F68 FB base = 0x00000000 U-Boot >
So it seems that the board has no memory at 0x00000000, only at 0xc0000000 through 0xd00000000. I already noted this in the previous email. Lets try this anyway:
mkimage -A arm -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x00000000 -e 0x00000000 -n "mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17" -d /run/media/alex/rootfs/boot/initramfs-3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone.img /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img
The bootloader accepts the load of the initramfs uImage at 0xc1000000 through the fatload command, but on attempting to boot the kernel with "initrd=0x00000000,8M", it shows the message:
[ 0.000000] INITRD: 0x00000000+0x00800000 is not a memory region - disabling initrd
So the kernel will not accept specifying this as the initrd address.
If I specify the uImage load address instead, I get the "junk in compressed archive" message, as before:
AM1808 initialization passed! Booting TI User Boot Loader UBL Version: 1.65 UBL Flashtype: SPI Starting SPI Memory Copy... Valid magicnum, 0x55424CBB, found at offset 0x00010000. DONE Jumping to entry point at 0xC1080000. [xiameihua] 2012-12-31 PM 16:12 NAND: No NAND device found!!! 0 MiB MMC: davinci: 0 *** Warning - readenv() failed, using default environment
In: serial Out: serial Err: serial ARM Clock : 456000000 Hz DDR Clock : 150000000 Hz SF: Unsupported manufacturer ef Error - unable to probe SPI flash. [xiameihua] mac addr : 00 00 00 00 0c 00Net: phy_act_state = 1 Ethernet PHY: GENERIC(1cc816) @ 0x00 DaVinci-EMAC Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M U-Boot > mmc rescan 0 U-Boot > fatload mmc 0 0xc2000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img
reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861793 bytes read U-Boot > fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage
reading uImage
3448120 bytes read U-Boot > bootm c0700000 c2000000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c2000000 ...
Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861729 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: 00000000 Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel. [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.5.6-1.elastixarm.fc17.armv5tel.mcuzone (palosanto@rpmbuild-arm.elastix.palosanto.com) (gcc version 4.7.2 20120921 (Red Hat 4.7.2-2) (GCC) ) #1 Fri Mar 29 07:20:14 ECT 2013 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069265] revision 5 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177 [ 0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache [ 0.000000] Machine: DaVinci DA850/OMAP-L138/AM18x EVM [ 0.000000] Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback [ 0.000000] BUG: mapping for 0xffff0000 at 0xfffe0000 out of vmalloc space [ 0.000000] DaVinci da850/omap-l138/am18x variant 0x1 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 65024 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc2000000,8M [ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.000000] allocated 524288 bytes of page_cgroup [ 0.000000] please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups [ 0.000000] Memory: 256MB = 256MB total [ 0.000000] Memory: 243340k/243340k available, 18804k reserved, 0K highmem [ 0.000000] Virtual kernel memory layout: [ 0.000000] vector : 0xffff0000 - 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) [ 0.000000] fixmap : 0xfff00000 - 0xfffe0000 ( 896 kB) [ 0.000000] vmalloc : 0xd0800000 - 0xff000000 ( 744 MB) [ 0.000000] lowmem : 0xc0000000 - 0xd0000000 ( 256 MB) [ 0.000000] pkmap : 0xbfe00000 - 0xc0000000 ( 2 MB) [ 0.000000] modules : 0xbf000000 - 0xbfe00000 ( 14 MB) [ 0.000000] .text : 0xc0008000 - 0xc0622f68 (6252 kB) [ 0.000000] .init : 0xc0623000 - 0xc066adbc ( 288 kB) [ 0.000000] .data : 0xc066c000 - 0xc06c6a90 ( 363 kB) [ 0.000000] .bss : 0xc06c6ab4 - 0xc079e6bc ( 864 kB) [ 0.000000] SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS:245 [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 32 bits at 24MHz, resolution 41ns, wraps every 178956ms [ 0.000000] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 [ 0.000321] Calibrating delay loop... 227.32 BogoMIPS (lpj=1136640)
[ 0.080067] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.080536] Security Framework initialized [ 0.080665] SELinux: Initializing.
[ 0.081482] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 [ 0.083324] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.083374] Initializing cgroup subsys memory [ 0.083479] Initializing cgroup subsys devices [ 0.083512] Initializing cgroup subsys freezer [ 0.083535] Initializing cgroup subsys net_cls
[ 0.083553] Initializing cgroup subsys blkio [ 0.083570] Initializing cgroup subsys perf_event [ 0.083938] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok [ 0.084170] ftrace: allocating 18656 entries in 37 pages [ 0.156155] Setting up static identity map for 0xc0469cc0 - 0xc0469d18 [ 0.164648] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.167942] DaVinci: 144 gpio irqs [ 0.169401] atomic64 test passed [ 0.170174] NET: Registered protocol family 16 [ 0.206625] da850_evm_usb_init: before cfgchip2=0x0001ef00 [ 0.206661] da850_evm_usb_init: after cfgchip2=0x0001af02 [ 0.223601] bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0 [ 0.225974] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.227663] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.227927] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.228518] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.233448] NetLabel: Initializing [ 0.233490] NetLabel: domain hash size = 128 [ 0.233507] NetLabel: protocols = UNLABELED CIPSOv4 [ 0.233660] NetLabel: unlabeled traffic allowed by default [ 0.234065] Switching to clocksource timer0_1 [ 0.315302] NET: Registered protocol family 2 [ 0.315990] IP route cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) [ 0.317319] TCP established hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.317670] TCP bind hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) [ 0.317897] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 8192 bind 8192) [ 0.317917] TCP: reno registered [ 0.317953] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318005] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.318815] NET: Registered protocol family 1 [ 0.319689] Unpacking initramfs... [ 0.319779] Initramfs unpacking failed: junk in compressed archive [ 0.354765] Freeing initrd memory: 8192K
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El 22/10/13 18:41, Jon escribió:
Here is how I generate the ramdisk
mkimage -A arm -O linux -T ramdisk -C none -a 0x00000000 -e 0x00000000 -n "ramdisk" -d /boot/initramfs-X.YY.Z-foo.fcNN.armv5.img /tmp/uImage
Note the address and entry point are zeros.
On your board's u-boot environment just run the 'bdi' command (board info) to findout the start addr and size. You can workout load addr's that make your boot happy.
I would advise loading the ramdisk first, in the begining space of the memory... then load the kernel. That way if there is any overlap it will be the ramdisk that is corrupted, not the kernel memory.
How do I peek into the initramfs memory from within the Linux system, in order to check the actual contents to see where the corruption is? Is there any block device to check?
On Wed, Oct 23, 2013 at 12:11:57PM -0500, Alex Villacís Lasso wrote:
How do I peek into the initramfs memory from within the Linux system, in order to check the actual contents to see where the corruption is? Is there any block device to check?
It doesn't work like this. When the kernel boots, it locates the initrd and then parses it, creating files and directories as it parses, in a tmpfs-like in-memory filesystem from the (optionally gzipped-) cpio data. There is no block device backing it.
Because it is using gzip and cpio, the kernel is able to verify the data looks sane as it goes along, hence the error message.
Note that recent kernels support xz compression. Not sure about your kernel, but it might help you squeeze a little bit more into the initramfs.
You could also try to add some debugging to init/initramfs.c (eg. in the 'do_name', 'do_copy' and 'do_symlink' functions).
Rich.
El 24/10/13 12:17, Richard W.M. Jones escribió:
On Wed, Oct 23, 2013 at 12:11:57PM -0500, Alex Villacís Lasso wrote:
How do I peek into the initramfs memory from within the Linux system, in order to check the actual contents to see where the corruption is? Is there any block device to check?
It doesn't work like this. When the kernel boots, it locates the initrd and then parses it, creating files and directories as it parses, in a tmpfs-like in-memory filesystem from the (optionally gzipped-) cpio data. There is no block device backing it.
Because it is using gzip and cpio, the kernel is able to verify the data looks sane as it goes along, hence the error message.
Note that recent kernels support xz compression. Not sure about your kernel, but it might help you squeeze a little bit more into the initramfs.
You could also try to add some debugging to init/initramfs.c (eg. in the 'do_name', 'do_copy' and 'do_symlink' functions).
Rich.
Just to discard overlapping memory issues:
1) I create the uImage files that look like this:
[alex@avillacis linux-git]$ mkimage -l /run/media/alex/BOOT/uImage Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Created: Mon Apr 1 14:04:10 2013 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3367.24 kB = 3.29 MB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 [alex@avillacis linux-git]$ mkimage -l /run/media/alex/BOOT/initramfs-mcuzone.img Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Created: Wed Oct 23 11:46:59 2013 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861736 Bytes = 7677.48 kB = 7.50 MB Load Address: c8000000 Entry Point: c8000000
Just for the record, the actual size of the on-disk initramfs is 7861729 bytes. I padded it with 7 extra zero bytes to make the size a multiple of 8, in case the bootloader requires an 8-byte restriction. Why 8-byte? The kernel image got that size restriction by chance.
The board memory goes from 0xc0000000 to 0xcfffffff. The target address for the initramfs is now at the 128 MiB boundary. The initramfs itself checks ok with gzip -t even with the padding. The file itself is 7.50Mb and decompresses to 17 MB.
Now, to the bootloader:
U-Boot > setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait ip=off initrd=0xc8000000,7861736 keepinitrd; mmc rescan 0; fatload mmc 0 0xc0700000 uImage; fatload mmc 0 0xc4000000 initramfs-mcuzone.img; bootm c0700000 c4000000; reading uImage
3448120 bytes read reading initramfs-mcuzone.img
7861800 bytes read ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at c0700000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3448056 Bytes = 3.3 MiB Load Address: c0008000 Entry Point: c0008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK ## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at c4000000 ... Image Name: mcuzone-initramfs-3.5.6-1.fc17 Image Type: ARM Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 7861736 Bytes = 7.5 MiB Load Address: c8000000 Entry Point: c8000000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK OK
The initrd= parameter is at the target address of 0xc8000000 ... check. Loading the kernel uImage at 0xc0700000 , 3MiB ... no overlap so far, check. Loading the initramfs uImage at 0xc4000000 (64 MB boundary), 7.5 Mib ... no overlap so far with anything else, check. The bootm command receives the addresses and checksums them... check.
... but I still get the same kernel error message "junk in compressed archive".
So I get a system that mounted the SD as root, without the initramfs. I want to peek into physical address 0xc8000000 to check if the initramfs data is there at all, so I attempt this:
[root@elx ~]# LANG=C dd if=/dev/mem of=dump bs=1 skip=3355443200 count=7861736 dd: reading `/dev/mem': Operation not permitted 0+0 records in 0+0 records out 0 bytes (0 B) copied, 0.0184769 s, 0.0 kB/s
The value of 3355443200 is 0xc8000000.
So, I cannot even access the memory to check on it. What else can I try, while waiting for the debug kernel to compile?
On Thu, Oct 24, 2013 at 12:42:49PM -0500, Alex Villacís Lasso wrote:
Just for the record, the actual size of the on-disk initramfs is 7861729 bytes. I padded it with 7 extra zero bytes to make the size a multiple of 8, in case the bootloader requires an 8-byte restriction. Why 8-byte? The kernel image got that size restriction by chance.
Is this valid? I can not recall anyone saying they had to pad the size of the initramfs file.
Rich.
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Alex Villacís Lasso -
Jon -
Richard W.M. Jones